The Meghalaya Vidhan Sabha is the lower house (and often the sole house) of the state's legislature. It consists of 60 elected representatives (MLAs), with members chosen directly by the people through general elections held every five years.

The Vidhan Sabha is a cornerstone of state governance. Its primary responsibilities include:

• Legislation: Proposing, debating, and enacting laws that address the state's specific needs.
• Budget Approval: Deliberating and approving the state budget, which outlines expenditure and revenue for the year.
• Oversight: Monitoring the executive branch and ensuring accountability through question hours, debates, and motions.
• Representation: Acting as a voice for the citizens, addressing their grievances, and ensuring their interests are reflected in state policies.